Innovation capability, entrepreneurial orientation and performance within European network of living labs (ENoLL)

A survey instrument has been designed to capture basic demographics of the unit of observation - an individual living lab (LL) and to study the relationships between: 1. perceived LL Innovation Capability 2. perceived LL Entrepreneurial Orientation, 3. perceived LL Business Performance. This paper focuses on reducing the number of items across all the dimensions of the survey instrument by using unweighted least squares ULS solution. A total reduction of items from 109 to 65 across the entire survey instrument has been achieved. A link to an online survey has been sent to ~320 Living Lab managers within the European Network of Living Labs (ENoLL). Roughly 10% of responses from the entire population have been obtained through the process. On average, living labs are fairly opened and user centred innovation ecosystems characterised by strong, yet surprisingly risk-averse innovation cultures with rather flat management structures, relatively low internal and external competitive pressures, lack of sufficient resources for further development and relatively low scores related to perceived performance.