Integration of the Electric Vehicle as a Manageable Load in a Residential Energy Management System

This paper presents a strategy for the integration of the electric vehicle and its charger as a manageable load for Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) and Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) operation modes in an energy management system. The optimization process is based on an evolutionary algorithm to cope with the combinatorial characteristics of the problem. Simulation results show that the integrated management of residential energy resources, including the usage of the electric vehicle as an energy storage system, can provide significant savings in the electricity bill, maximize the integration of local generation and decrease the peak-to-average ratio while assuring the quality of the end-use energy services. Savings achieved in the simulations vary in a range 19 - 58% when compared to a reference case.