Performance Modeling and Benchmark Analysis of an Advanced 4WD Series-Parallel PHEV Using Dynamic Programming

In this paper, a performance benchmarking program using dynamic programming is developed in MATLAB to analyse an advanced series-parallel plug-in hybrid vehicle powertrain to identify the optimal control actions and resulting fuel consumption in the series and parallel operating regimes. The parallel regime provided more efficient operation overall, especially during more aggressive driving conditions. However, the series regime proved more effective during gentle driving conditions, where opportunities for regenerative braking are limited. All results were very sensitive to the allowed level of regenerative braking.