20.8% efficient PERC solar cell on 156 mm?156 mm p-type multi-crystalline silicon substrate

P-type multi-crystalline passivated emitter and rear solar cells (PERC) become the focus of recent laboratory and industrial base research due to its promising mass production perspective. This paper presents the most recent works on PERC solar cells and reveals the realization of a world record efficiency of 20.8% PERC solar cell fabricated with screen printing technology on 156 mm × 156 mm multi-crystalline substrates. To further increase the cell efficiency, an optical loss analysis was conducted, which shows that the current loss due to the poor light trapping dominates the overall optical loss. Based on the analysis, an efficiency of 21.3% is achievable in the near future with further optimization.