A convergence algorithm for maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic arrays with bypass diodes

The performance of a photovoltaic (PV) array is affected by many factors, including its integration into a system. Without a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm, the PV array will operate at the voltage of its load, which often is not the maximum power point (MPP); therefore, causing the PV array to not produce its maximum power output. This paper discusses a current MPPT technique (Perturb and Observe (P&O)), and presents a new MPPT algorithm, convergence. This new algorithm allows for accurate operation with PV arrays containing bypass diodes. All MPPT algorithms discussed are tested through simulations performed on a model PV array in MATLAB.