335Watt world record P-type mono-crystalline module with 20.6 % efficiency PERC solar cells

The objective of this experiment was to optimize module technologies to obtain the lowest price per Watt peak ($/Wp) ratio and the maximum power output of a flat-plate module for a given number of high efficiency solar cells. Using p-type mono-crystalline Cz square silicon wafers, 156 mm × 156 mm solar cells with a passivated emitter and rear local contacts (PERC cells) were fabricated with an average efficiency of 20.6 %. The module includes half-cells for low interconnection losses, as well as a novel light-trapping scheme including Light Capture Ribbon (LCR) and a structured Light Reflective Film (LRF) between cells combined with an optimized large cell gap. The module achieves a new world record with a peak power output of 335.2 W in Sep. 2014, demonstrating that a large Cell-to-Module (CTM) factor, in this case greater than 1.11, can be achieved with new light trapping and low resistance connection technologies.