Windowed DMD as a microtexture descriptor for finger vein counter-spoofing in biometrics

Recent studies have shown that it is possible to attack a finger vein (FV) based biometric system using printed materials. In this study, we propose a novel method to detect spoofing of static finger vein images using Windowed Dynamic mode decomposition (W-DMD). This is an atemporal variant of the recently proposed Dynamic Mode Decomposition for image sequences. The proposed method achieves better results when compared to established methods such as local binary patterns (LBP), discrete wavelet transforms (DWT), histogram of gradients (HoG), and filter methods such as range-filters, standard deviation filters (STD) and entropy filters, when using SVM with a minimum intersection kernel. The overall pipeline which consists ofW-DMD and SVM, proves to be efficient, and convenient to use, given the absence of additional parameter tuning requirements. The effectiveness of our methodology is demonstrated using FV-Spoofing-Attack database which is publicly available. Our test results show that W-DMD can successfully detect printed finger vein images because they contain micro-level artefacts that not only differ in quality but also in light reflection properties compared to valid/live finger vein images.