Use of PBG structure with quasi-periodic symmetry in microstrip antenna design

A new design of a microstrip antenna using Photonic Band Gap (PBG) substrate, with quasi-periodic symmetry is proposed. Antenna parameters such as return loss (S11), bandwidth, gain on the radiating element and electric field in the substrate were analyzed. The PBG structure proposed has distribution of air holes on a quasi-periodic mesh with symmetry 12 times applied to the dielectric substrate. The theoretical and experimental results were compared to a reference antenna without PBG substrate and observed an increase in the bandwidth and reduction of return loss for the second operating band of the antenna.