Ubiquitous monitoring of pedestrian dynamics: Exploring wireless ad hoc network of multi-sensor technologies

In this paper we incorporate various automatic sensor technologies in Ad Hoc network to monitor pedestrian activities at the entire facility level. A case study is demonstrated during a large street festival in Montréal covering more than ten street blocks. We used WiFi technology, computer vision tools, and infrared counters to develop the detailed estimates on attendance, movement, and activity patterns of pedestrians over time and space, which can be used for future planning, operations, and financing.