A multi-set approach for direction finding based on spatially displaced electromagnetic vector-sensors

Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation with spatially displaced electro-magnetic vector-sensors (SD-EMVS) is considered in this paper. Instead of the conventional single-set formulation of SD-EMVS outputs, the array signals here are interpreted as a multi-set problem. The steering vectors are identified via a newly proposed multi-set approach named generalized non-orthogonal joint diagonalization (GNJD). DOA estimates are then extracted from these steering vectors via vector cross-product based methods. Numerical simulations demonstrate that, compared with conventional single-set approaches, the proposed multi-set method provides more accurate DOA estimates.