Thermal-Converter Validation of Differential Sampling Measurement Based on AC-Programmable Josephson Voltage Standard System

This paper describes a differential sampling measurement system using AC-programmable Josephson voltage standard (AC-PJVS) system up to 10 V in the frequency range down to 1 Hz. Such system combines the versatility and the accuracy and stability of the Josephson voltage standard. The validity of this method is confirmed with the AC-DC difference measurements of a calibrated thermal converter, and with an electro-thermal simulation at the root-mean square amplitudes of 3 V. The uncertainty of our differential sampling measurement system is estimated to be 1.3 μV/V for waveform frequencies of 62.5 Hz and root-mean square amplitude of 10 V.