Optimal distributed generation allocation using evolutionary algorithms in meshed network

Integration of various types of distributed generation (DG) into the existing power grid requires prediction of allowable DG penetration levels for a stable and reliable operation of the grid. The two major classification of the DGs namely synchronous based DGs (SDG) and inverter based DGs (IDG) exhibit different impacts on the grid which may limit their penetration level. Hence, this paper proposes a two-phase approach for maximizing the penetration of DGs complying with the collective grid constraints such as voltage harmonics and relay coordination limits exhibited by IDGs and SDGs respectively. The proposed method is tested on a standard IEEE 14-bus system with different DG penetration levels. Various case studies are conducted on the test system to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed approach. The results obtained show the choice of the suitable optimization algorithm and the impacts of the constraints considered for optimal sizing and placement of the DGs.