Development of distribution networks with low carbon technologies

A new methodology for optimal development of distribution networks with low carbon technologies is proposed in this paper. The complete planning model is developed as a two-stage optimization process, where the first stage deals with the investment problem and the second stage focuses on the operational aspects. The novelty of the proposed investment model is explicit incorporation of network security constraints in the optimization formulation in line with the UK planning standards, while taking into consideration different operating regimes with changing load and generation profiles. Connection of new distributed generation units and new types of demands, construction of circuits on new corridors and optimal network reconfiguration, as well as real-life restoration rules are also included in the model. The investment problem is defined as the complex mixed-integer nonlinear optimization model and solved using a dedicated commercial software package. It is applied to a few practical medium-voltage test systems. Additionally, sensitivity analyses are done to determine critical parameters affecting the development and performance of medium voltage distribution networks.