An Energy Effective Routing Algorithm for Event-Driven Wireless Sensor Networks

Event-driven wireless sensor networks are special networks that just need the sensors which detected the events gathering and sending data through a reasonable routing to the single information processing center called sink node, usually used in monitoring emergency events in many large-scale severe environments. However, the battery energy of sensors are limited and difficult to be charged or replaced, it requires effective network routing protocols in communication and message passing process to extend their lifetime. In this paper, we propose a real-time, weighted clustering routing algorithm to organize the event detected sensors in the event regions into clusters. The algorithm has a full consideration of the sensors´ residual energy, distance, event excited intensity and received signal strength during the three parts: choosing cluster-heads, clustering and establishing routing path. Simulation results have demonstrated the effectively routing performance of our algorithm, and its network lifetime is 16% longer than the TEEN algorithm.