Game-theoretic green electric vehicle energy networks management in smart grid

In this paper, the problem of green electric vehicle energy networks management is studied using a non-cooperative Stackelberg game theoretic model. The micro-grid acts as the leader, and needs to decide the price per unit energy based on the amount of energy requested by the plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) for charging and the amount of energy to be requested to each PHEV for discharging, respectively. On the other hand, the PHEVs act as the followers, and need to decide the amount energy to be consumed and the price per unit energy for charging and discharging, respectively, in order to reduce CO₂ emission, i.e., using green energy. Using the proposed electric vehicle energy networks management (EVENT) scheme, there exists Nash equilibrium solution for charging and discharging, and the satisfaction factors are high using proposed EVENT scheme.