Three Dimensional End-to-End Modeling and Directivity Analysis for Graphene-Based Antennas in the Terahertz Band

Terahertz (0.1-10 THz) band communication is envisioned as a key technology to satisfy the increasing demand for ultra-high-speed wireless links. In this paper, a three dimensional (3D) end-to-end model is developed, which includes the graphene-based antenna response and the channel model in the THz band. The developed theoretical model is validated with COMSOL simulations. By using the developed 3D end-to-end model, an in-depth analysis on the 3D channel characteristics is carried out. In particular, the use of a 13-dB-gain antenna leads to the decrease of the delay spread from 0.2 ns to 3.2 ps, and the decrease of the angular spread by a factor of 20. The resulting coherence bandwidth reaches 63 GHz. A target capacity of 100 Gbps can be achieved with the directional antenna for the distance of 0.4m over 0.8-0.9 THz, which is unreachable with the isotropic antenna. However, the directivity is at the cost of the strict antenna alignment, and the deviation needs to be smaller than 12.4^o. The provided analysis lays out the foundation for reliable and efficient ultra-high-speed wireless communications in the THz band.