An Efficient Localization Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

Node localization is of significant importance for supporting many critical applications in wireless sensor networks. However, traditional DV-Hop localization algorithm and its variants still cannot provide sufficient localization accuracy. To ensure the accuracy of localization, this paper proposes an improved DV-Hop localization algorithm. Under this localization algorithm, we first employ distortion function to select the beacon nodes that can estimate average hop distance, and then adopt two-dimensional hyperbolic function instead of the classic trilateration/least square method to determine the locations of unknown nodes, which are very close to their actual locations. Simulations are conducted to validate the accuracy of our proposed localization algorithm in wireless sensor networks. Remarkably, the average localization error of our proposed localization algorithm is lower than those of DVHop algorithm and its improved algorithm, under both the uniform and non-uniform node distributions.