Oscillation-based methods for fixation and manipulation of nano-objects

We present various examples for man-made and biological nano-scale actuators based on oscillations. The basic idea of all such actuators is introducing an asymmetry into the oscillations, which causes a net directed movement of the system over one period of oscillation. In addition to discussing general principles and several examples, we introduce a new concept for a high precision actuator which is based on oscillating rolling. The actuator consists of a sphere that is pushed on a movable substrate. The sphere acts as the drive and the substrate acts as the runner. A varying normal force leads to varying indentation depth and contact area. Together with the inertia of the runner this asymmetry enables accurate control of its displacement. In theory, the actuator works wear less as slip is completely omitted.