Two-bit phase- shifting element for reflectarray applications

In this paper, a two-bit phase-shifting element for reflectarray antennas is presented. The proposed element is based on the cut-ring patch coupled to delay lines through an annular slot. The four states of the reflection phase are achieved by controlling the length of two different delay lines. Prototype of element has been fabricated and characterized in X band using waveguide simulator. Measured results indicate good characteristics of the reflectarray element. The bandwidth of 1.7-bit resolution is over 5%.