Smoothing control of wind farm output fluctuations by proposed Low Pass Filter, and Moving Averages

As wind turbine output is proportional to the cube of wind speed, the wind turbine generator output fluctuates due to random variations of wind speed. The variation of wind speed causes the variations of Induction Generators (IGs) real and reactive power. These active and reactive power variations interact with the network and thus initiate voltage and frequency fluctuations. These irregularities in power output affect the power quality. It is seen that the power system frequency fluctuation is more severe for 10% capacity of wind power penetration. For continuous fed of more wind power it is necessary additional energy storage systems. Though energy storage device can solve the problem but more energy storage capacity may be needed. But the major problem in wind generator output power smoothing is the setting of the reference power. Constant output power reference is not a good choice because there can be some cases where wind speed is very low and then sufficient power cannot be obtained. This study investigates to generate a suitable reference power performed by Low Pass Filter (LPF), Simple Moving Average (SMA), and Exponential Moving Average (EMA). Finally, among the various methods it shows that the Low Pass Filter (LPF) seems to be more effective.