A simple planar monopole antenna for mobile handset applications

A printed monopole antenna with O-shaped ground plane presented in this paper covers FDD/TDD-LTE, DCS, PCS, and 2.4 GHz ISM bands for smartphone applications. The antenna has a wide impedance bandwidth of 2.02 GHz (1.12-3.14 GHz) with a voltage standing wave ratio of 3:1, given the overall antenna size is 40 × 15 × 0.035 mm3. Peak gain of the proposed antenna is 5.30 dBi with a gain variation of less than 0.5 dBi in individual operating band. Total efficiency of the antenna is greater than 76% and less than 91%. Antenna´s impedance bandwidth, gain, and total efficiency are assessed with and without a battery. Dimensions of the antenna are optimised for impedance bandwidth. Antenna radiation patterns in XZ and YZ planes for six different operating bands are presented with resonance frequencies 1.66, 1.76, 1.86, 1.95, 2.4, and 2.6 GHz.