Design of a dielectric phase-correcting structure for an EBG resonator antenna using particle swarm optimization

This paper presents a novel method to design an all-dielectric phase correcting structure (PCS) to improve phase uniformity on the aperture of a classical electromagnetic band gap resonator antenna (ERA). This PCS has fixed permittivity, but varying thickness in a plane perpendicular to the dominant radiated E-field component. A particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm and a commercial time-domain solver are combined to optimize the PCS thickness. The proposed PCS not only significantly reduces the phase non-uniformity, but also improves the broadside directivity of the ERA by 4.6 dBi.