Binary programming model to optimize RSU placement for information dissemination

Vehicular communication systems are developed not only to increase safety but also for mobility of road transportation. Roadside units (RSU) are the prominent elements of this technology. This equipment is installed in roadside and intersections to gather traffic information from vehicles and to send messages and alarms to vehicles. Due to costly implementation and maintenance of this equipment, determining the number of RSUs and placement of them is an important problem. In this paper, we proposed a novel binary programming (BP) model to a placement of RSUs beside a road for maximizing information dissemination to vehicles. This approach makes decisions based on the number of curves, the number of on-ramps, accident rate, weather condition, and cost limitations. The proposed model is applied on Tehran to Pardis freeway. According to computational experiments, four operational phases to equip the whole road for information dissemination is obtained.