A non-isotropic simulation model for ship-to-ship fading channels

Accurate modeling of the ship-to-ship (S2S) fading channels is critical not only to the cognitive automatic identification system (CAIS, which includes shipborne AIS and satellite-based AIS by utlizing some promising technologies, such as spectrum sensing and OFDM, and is proposed by us in recent years) design but also to the verification and performance evaluation of other maritime wireless communication systems. The statistical properties of S2S fading channels are either quit different from the terrestrial-based mobile communication channels or typical fixed-to-mobile maritime radio channels, thereby requiring new methods for their simulation. This paper for the first time proposes a two-dimensional non-isotropic scttering statistical model, which adopts sum-of-sinusoids and two-ring concepts, to simulate the S2S local environment and especially for Rayleigh fading. Moreover, the theoretical statistical properties for the non-isotropic scttering are derived. The auto-correlation and cross-correlation functions, and the probability density function of the new model have been compared to the desired ones. In addition, this model is also a generalized tool which can simulate the isotropic and nonisotropic maritime scttering channels.