Synchronization sensitivity of enhanced CDMA array-receivers to fast channel time-variations and to shaping-pulse design

We previously reported on the severe impact synchronization errors may have on the spectrum efficiency of wideband CDMA networks and on the significant performance gains of STAR (spatio-temporal array receiver) over the 2D-RAKE at similar order in complexity. Here we further enhance the 2D-RAKE performance by incorporating a high-resolution early-late gate with a clamping state and further reduce the complexity of STAR. New complexity and performance assessments indicate that STAR, at a comparable computational load, increases its performance advantage over the enhanced 2D-RAKE in the presence of fast channel time-variations even with pulse distortions or at different rolloff factors.