Title :
Effects of Raman noise and double Rayleigh backscattering on bidirectionally Raman-pumped systems at constant fibre nonlinearity
Author :
Essiambre, René-Jean
Author_Institution :
Bell Labs., Crawford Hill Lab., Holmdel, NJ, USA
Abstract :
The impact of Raman noise and double Rayleigh backscattering on the noise figure of a bidirectionally Raman-pumped transmission fibre is evaluated under the constraint of constant fibre nonlinearity. It is shown that there is an optimum Raman gain and percentage of forward pumping that maximises the effective noise figure improvement of a transmission fibre span.
Keywords :
Raman lasers; Rayleigh scattering; backscatter; laser noise; laser theory; optical fibre amplifiers; optical fibre theory; stimulated Raman scattering; Raman noise; bidirectionally Raman-pumped systems; bidirectionally Raman-pumped transmission fibre; constant fibre nonlinearity; distributed fibre amplifier; double Rayleigh backscattering; effective noise figure; forward pumping; optimum Raman gain; transmission fibre span; Backscatter; Bandwidth; Doped fiber amplifiers; Low-frequency noise; Noise figure; Noise reduction; Optical fiber polarization; Optical noise; Signal to noise ratio; Stimulated emission;
Conference_Titel :
Optical Communication, 2001. ECOC '01. 27th European Conference on
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-6705-7
DOI :
10.1109/ECOC.2001.988840
