Dynamic Leapfrog algorithm for power system state estimation

Power system state estimation is a very large-scale, sparse and non-linear problem. The following methods to solve the problem will be tested and compared: Gauss-Newton and the Dynamic Leapfrog method. The IEEE 14-bus power system is used to compare the different solvers. Cases when Gauss-Newton does not converge are identified. The Dynamic leapfrog method is proposed to be used in state estimation to solve these nonconvergent cases. For this small-scale power system the dynamic method proves to be numerically robust compared to Gauss-Newton.