PBG devices based on periodic structures with defects

Most high-density integrated optics components contain optical waveguides, scatterers, resonators, etc. Photonic crystals, as periodical structures with some defects, have attracted much interest in this context as well. In every such device, the optical beam propagates crossing the boundaries of these parts several times. For example, realistic photonic crystals are illuminated by a waveguide mode and, therefore, modeling the coupling of a waveguide in the crystal taking into account the interaction with the walls will be of importance. In this paper we make an attempt to consider the geometry of the crystal and the shape of the boundary as well, especially those parts of the surface, where the optical beams are traveling. In other words, this is an attempt to simulate a more realistic structure in order to optimize the properties of the PBG circuit using the appropriate numerical experiments.