Digital fault-location algorithm including grounding impedance at fault place

The influence of fault-place grounding impedance is usually not taken into account in algorithms for ground-fault distance estimation. The fault-place grounding impedance depends on the design characteristics of ground wires and tower footing resistances. The paper shows the possibility of taking into account the fault-place grounding impedance in the algorithm for ground-fault distance estimation. An algorithm taking into account fault-place grounding impedance has a better accuracy and only slightly greater complexity.