Narrower efficiency distribution for multicrystalline silicon solar cells by double-side emitter diffusion

Multicrystalline silicon solar cells produced with double side emitter diffusion are compared with single side emitter diffused cells. Double side emitter diffusion yields in improved current and voltage for all materials of four multicrystalline silicon wafer suppliers. Poor quality material improves approximately 3% more than good quality material. This results in a narrower efficiency distribution over all material. No relation between substitutional carbon concentration, interstitial oxygen concentration and FeB concentration and improved current due to double side diffusion was found.