Tree perception accuracy in high-resolution images: exploratory analysis of combined effects of image parameters and stand characteristics

The aim of our work was to explain and quantify the perception accuracy of trees identified by 2D and 3D visual interpretation using a large set of images. The results of the image analysis, i.e. number of viewed trees and accuracy of crown diameter measurements, were compared to ground information. It was thus possible to study influence of base/height (B/H) ratio, and both spatial and spectral resolutions on interpretation quality. The best results were obtained with small B/H ratios (0.05 to 0.3) and the finest spatial resolution (0.6 m). Infrared information did not systematically improved results for the analyzed stands. The variability in spatial organization of trees revealed to be a major explanatory factor.