Geolocation using transmit and receive diversity

Geolocation using received signal strength (RSS) has large errors due to multipath fading, since fading results in high variations in RSS. We show how and when spatial diversity combined with channel knowledge at the receiver can be used to combat fading effects to increase accuracy in location estimation. We then propose a simple scheme for distance estimation, characterize the channels for which improvement in distance estimates can be thus obtained and prove that the mean square error of the distance estimate converges to zero with increasing diversity order. It is observed that the improvement can always be obtained for the Rayleigh channel, and for the Nakagami-m channel if the parameter m remains the same regardless of the distance.