Quadratic Koch island patch antenna

Microstrip patch antennas are very popular in many fields as they are low-profile, low weight, robust and cheap. In last years new techniques employing fractal geometries have been studied and developed. One of them is the fractalizing of antenna boundaries which has some advantages over conventional designs such as the potential for miniaturized designs and existence of higher-order localized modes that result in directive radiation patterns. In this paper two versions of quadratic Koch island patch antenna with different fractal iteration levels are introduced. And their characteristics are compared numerically.