User Interaction Studies on Handset Antennas

This paper presents the results of an experimental study of user interaction with four types of handset antennas. Results are obtained using 63 volunteers who hold the phone in a completely natural manner. Input impedances are measured with respect to hand positions on the phone. The study reveals typical hand interaction scenarios, the extent of antenna input impedance changes and the relative capabilities of different antennas in handling such interactions. The experimental results presented in this paper agree well with simulations.