2D-2.5D surface operation photonic crystals: Slow bloch modes and applications

It is emphasized that 2DPC have not only a great potential in the prospect of the development of 2D Nano-photonics in the in-plane wave-guided configuration, but that they may also open the way to other brilliant developments, with an extension to out of plane operation, along a 2.5D Nano-photonics approach. In this 2.5D approach, it is combined a 1D-2D high index contrast lateral structuration with a 1D high index contrast vertical structuration, using multilayer membrane stacks including 1D-2D Photonic Crystal membranes. As an illustration of our recent achievements along this approach, new families of VCSEL structures are presented.