HF Radio Automatic Link Establishment Systems

This paper describes ten logical and unique functions necessary for link establishment in automated HF radio systems, and they have been organized into a progressive sequence of increasing automation. Within the HF-ALE system, any station at any level is compatible with any other station at any level, from manpack radio to major base station, and they are independent of network configuration. In addition to direct linking, the system includes networking, relaying, and message modes in a single integrated and interoperable design.