Title :
Cd
Zn
Te Crystal Growth and Fabrication of Large Volume Single-Polarity Charge Se
Author :
Chaudhuri, S.K. ; Krishna, Ramesh M. ; Zavalla, Kelvin J. ; Matei, Liviu ; Buliga, Vladimir ; Groza, M. ; Burger, A. ; Mandal, Krishna C.
Author_Institution :
Electr. Eng. Dept., Univ. of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
Abstract :
Detector grade Cd0.9Zn0.1Te single crystals were grown using a tellurium solvent method. Single crystal blocks of volume ~1 cm3 were prepared for detector fabrication and characterization. The grown crystals were characterized using infra-red transmission imaging and Pockel´s effect measurements. Two detectors in single-polarity charge sensing configurations viz., small pixel, and virtual Frisch grid were fabricated on two crystals obtained from the same section of the ingot. Current-voltage measurements performed in planar configuration exhibited a very low leakage current of ~5 nA at 1000 V and resistivities of the order of 8.5×1010 Ω·cm. Electron drift mobilities of the order of 840 cm2/V.s and electron mobility-lifetime products of the order of 2.7×10-3 cm2/V were calculated from alpha spectroscopy using detectors in planar configuration. The small pixel and the virtual Frisch grid detector showed similar energy resolution of 3.7% for 662 keV gamma rays however, the virtual Frisch grid configuration revealed a better overall performance with a peak-to-Compton ratio of 2.8. A digital spectrometer and related software has been developed using a digitizer card and used to employ offline correction schemes to compensate for the charge loss effects, resulting in significant improvement of the 662 keV peak resolution (1.8% as compared to 3.7% without correction) obtained in the case of small pixel detector.
Keywords :
Compton effect; II-VI semiconductors; Pockels effect; alpha-particle spectroscopy; analogue-digital conversion; cadmium compounds; carrier lifetime; crystal growth; electrical resistivity; electron mobility; gamma-ray detection; infrared spectra; ingots; leakage currents; semiconductor counters; wide band gap semiconductors; zinc compounds; Cd0.9Zn0.1Te; Cd0.9Zn0.1Te crystal growth; Pockel effect measurements; alpha spectroscopy; charge loss effects; current-voltage measurements; detector fabrication; digital spectrometer; digitizer card; electron drift mobilities; electron mobility-lifetime products; energy resolution; infrared transmission imaging; ingot; large volume single-polarity charge sensing gamma detectors; low leakage current; offline correction schemes; peak-to-Compton ratio; planar configuration; single crystal blocks; single-polarity charge sensing configurations; small pixel detector; tellurium solvent method; virtual Frisch grid configuration; virtual Frisch grid detector; Conductivity; Crystals; Detectors; Energy resolution; Fabrication; Geometry; Zinc; Biparametric correlation; Cd$_{0.9}$ Zn$_{0.1}$ Te (CZT); Te solvent method; crystal growth; digital data analyses; radiation detector; small pixel effect; virtual Frisch grid detector;
Journal_Title :
Nuclear Science, IEEE Transactions on
DOI :
10.1109/TNS.2013.2270289