Estimation of wall-scattering in the urban canyon

Recent measurements have shown that the scattered field from the buildings´ facades can greatly affect the magnitude, the delay spread and the angular spread of the received field inside the ldquourban canyonrdquo. In this paper a model that estimates the net scattered field by a single facade is derived, assuming that the building´s wall comprises numerous identical elementary scatterers (e.g. windows) with known scattering gain function. The proposed model can be easily implemented in a ray-tracing propagation prediction tool, thanks to its simplicity and the small estimation time.