FDTD based evaluation of Specific Absorption Rate distribution in human head due to mobile phones

In this study, Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) method is used to calculate the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) distribution in a human head near a hand-held cellular phone. Progress in computer technology enables us to use FDTD method to numerically calculate the interactions of human head and mobile. The biological effects of Radio Frequency (RF) energy are proportional to the rate of energy absorption. A novel method for the modeling of human head is carried out using the MATLAB 7.2 Software, which employs FDTD method for the SAR calculations. A three dimensional FDTD algorithm is built in Cartesian coordinates. Perfectly Matched Layer (PML) which is one of the most flexible and efficient ABCs is implemented to avoid reflections. It is a popular method for mesh termination at a radiation boundary using FDTD. A discrete human head model is located within FDTD volume together with a discrete hand-held receiver model. FDTD simulations are carried out for Digital European Cordless Telephone (DECT) operating at 1.8 GHz system. SAR distributions over the human head are calculated and are shown to agree with results available in literature. Particular attention has been given for accurate power calculations. The computational results are interpreted in terms of international safety guidelines for human health. This paves the way to model cell phones with appropriate SAR.