SLIM, short-pulse technology for high gradient induction accelerators

SLIM (Stanford Linear Induction Method) is a novel short-pulse concept suited to a new generation of high gradient induction particle accelerators is described. It applies advanced solid state semiconductor technology and modern microfabrication techniques to a coreless induction method of charged particle acceleration. Because this approach avoids use of magnetic materials there is the prospect of such an accelerator working efficiently with accelerating pulses in the nanosecond range and, potentially, at megahertz pulse rates. The principal accelerator section is envisioned as a stack of coreless induction cells, the only active element within each being a single, extremely fast (subnanosecond) solid state opening switch: a Drift Step Recovery Diode (DSRD). Each coreless induction cell incorporates an electromagnetic pulse compressor in which inductive energy developed within a transmission-line feed structure over a period of tens of nanoseconds is diverted to the acceleration of the passing charge beam for a few nanoseconds by the abrupt opening of the DSRD switch. The duration of this accelerating output pulse typically two-to-four nanoseconds is precisely determined by a micro fabricated pulse forming line connected to the cell. Because the accelerating pulse is only nanoseconds in duration, longitudinal accelerating gradients approaching 100 MeV per meter are believed to be achievable without inciting breakdown. Further benefits of this approach are that, (1) only a low voltage power supply is required to produce the high accelerating gradient, and, (2) since the DSRD switch is normally closed, voltage stress is limited to a few nanoseconds per period, hence the susceptibility to hostile environment conditions such as ionizing radiation, mismatch (e.g. in medical applications the peak beam current may be low), strong electromagnetic noise levels, etc. is expected to be minimal. Finally, we observe the SLIM concept is not limited to linac applications; for in- tance, it could be employed to both accelerate the beam and to stabilize the superbunch mode of operation in circular track machines.