Energy Equalizing Routing Algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks

Because the nodes of wireless sensor networks have the very limited energy, the main design goal for wireless sensor networks routing is how to improve energy efficiency. As a scheme to solve this problem, an energy equalizing routing algorithm (EERA) for wireless sensor networks was proposed. In the cluster head product phase, the candidates compete for cluster heads according to their residual energy within some coverage range and the distance between each other in order to make the distribution of cluster heads balanced and cover all networks. In data transmission phase, a multi-hop routing tree among the cluster heads was built to send data to the base station according to the residuary energy of the cluster heads and the distance between them, so that the communication load can be reduced. The simulation results show that the new algorithm can reduce the energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime.