Inexpensive helical antenna for global navigation satellite systems

In this paper theoretical and practical study of an inexpensive L-band helical antenna is presented. The geometrical parameters of the antenna were calculated using standard formulas. The frequency shift resulting from the winding of the wire on a polyurethane (PU) core was also taken into account. Numerical analysis of the sensitivity of antenna parameters to the manufacturing process had been provided. After manufacturing the antenna an appropriate impedance matching section was designed and fabricated. Measured return loss was below -18 dB in the frequency range 1.48 - 1.67 GHz. Radiation patterns and axial ratio of the antenna in the direction of maximum radiation are also presented in this research.