Author :
de la Paix Mupenzi, Jean ; Ge, J. ; Habiyaremye, G. ; Nadege, T.L.
Author_Institution :
Hubei Wetland Evolution & Ecological Restoration Key Lab., China Univ. of Geosci., Wuhan, China
Abstract :
Notice of Retraction
After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.
We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.
The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.
The analysis of water samples collected in rivers streams across the tea growing areas in Rwanda by using spectroscopy technique MS Instrument has clearly indicate the presence of heavy elements (Al, As, Ba, c, Ca, Cu, Fe, H+, K, Mg, Mn, N, P, S, Si, and Zn) in water samples. The highly concentrated are: Ca (37 - 54.9), C (31.5-36.4), S: 12.9-24.1, Mg: 8.5-14.1, N: 4-11 and K: 5.3-7.8. Those with medium concentration are Si: 3.4-5.4, Cu: 1.1-2.5, Mn: 0.7-1.5, Ba: 0.5-1.03, Fe: 0.6-1 and P: 0.6-0.8. And elements with low concentration are Zn: 0.3-0.76, H+: 0.4-0.66, Al: 0.4-0.6 and As: 0.02-0.5. The pH varies between 5.5- 6.7.Water is acidic and this acidity may be caused by the use of fertilizers and pesticides with high quantity of NPK + Mg. Here we proposed the method that can be applied in order to maintain the quality of drinking water.
Keywords :
agriculture; fertilisers; river pollution; spectroscopy; Rwanda; drinking water; fertilizers; pesticides; rivers; spectroscopy technique MS instrument; tea growing areas; water pollution; water samples; Artificial intelligence; Barium; Iron; Laboratories; Manganese; Silicon; Water pollution; Rwanda; heavy elements; tea growing; water pollution;
