Precise broadband microwave material characterization of liquids

This paper presents a broadband material characterization method applicable to measure the complex dielectric properties of liquids at microwave frequencies. Material under test is filled into an artificial coaxial transmission line as a dielectric. An extraction algorithm is developed by which conductor losses are considered and the complex permittivity is determined precisely. Uncertainty analysis of the proposed method is carried out for errors in practice. Measured dielectric properties of isotropic and anisotropic samples are demonstrated for a frequency range of 1 GHz to 50 GHz in order to show the validation of the developed procedure.