A Landmark-Based Virtual Geographic Routing in WSN

Geographic routing is widely used in wireless sensor networks due to its great efficiency, good scalability and computed routing close to the best possible. However, the problem that geographic routing uses GPS receivers or location algorithms to obtain nodes´ geographic information leads to expensive cost and high overhead. Aiming at this problem, we present a Landmark-based Virtual Geographic Routing Algorithm (LVGR), which depends only on node connectivity and not on any knowledge of node positions to discover the global topology of the sensor field. After topology discover, nodes can successfully communicate through local coordinate routing. Simulation shows that LVGR generates routes that are comparable to those generated by geographic routing algorithms, and even load-balanced. It has advantages in low cost, light routing overhead and high performance.