GPU-friendly gallbladder modeling for laparoscopic cholecystectomy simulation

A challenge in virtual reality based laparoscopic cholecystectomy simulation is to construct a fast and accurate deformable gallbladder model. This paper proposes a multi-layer mass-spring model which can adapt well to the built-in accelerating algorithms in PhysX-engine of GPU. The gallbladder is first segmented from clinical CT images. A multi-layer model based on the anatomical structure of gallbladder is subsequently constructed. We configure the parameters of the springs based on the biomechanical properties of gallbladder to ensure the realism of the deformation results. Preliminary experiments demonstrate that our model can achieve satisfactory results in terms of both visual perception and time performance.