Networking drugs and diseases in the context of neuro-endocrine-immune system

Systems biology is a general trend to unveil the nature of life, and a series of networks have been managed to disentwine the entangling relations among drugs, genes and diseases. Here the neuro-endocrine-immune (NEI) system serves as an interactive context between genetics and environment to evaluate the relationship between drug network and disease network. It was found that NEI network is significantly modularized in the drug- gene-disease network and accounts for longstanding principle of “Disease-multidrugs” and “Drug-multidiseases” in traditional Chinese medicine.