FPGA power and timing optimization: architecture, process, and CAD

Field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) allow the same silicon implementation to be programmed or reprogrammed for a variety of applications. It provides low NRE (non-recurring engineering) cost and short time to market. As CMOS technology continue to scale down to nanometer, increased power consumption and worsened process variation become crucial constraints for FPGAs. The survey reviews the process and architecture evaluation and CAD algorithms to optimize power and delay for FPGAs.