In-line metrology for the 45 nm and 32 nm nodes

Successful in-line metrology is imperative for a fab to achieve profitable production yields. Full functionality and high circuit speed are achieved only through control of defectivity and tight distributions of feature sizes. In-line monitoring of applicable metrics is key to ensuring success and is also used to fine-tune production processes for improved yield and circuit speed. Metrology has now become an inherent part of mission-critical production processes. This article gives a high-level overview of the findings of the ISMI metrology program and details some of the major approaching manufacturing challenges.