Binary Multiplication Using Hybrid MOS and Multi-Gate Single-Electron Transistors

In this paper, we investigate the design of binary tree multipliers based on multi-input counters using hybrid MOS and single-electron transistors (SETs). Our focus is on the design of phase-modulated counters which can be implemented with only a few MOSFETs and multi-gate SETs. In order to address some practical issues associated with SET/MOS hybrid circuits, we present an enhanced version of the counters to deal with temperature effect, reliability improvement, and operating speed with multipliers. Simulation results with the proposed phase-modulated (7:3) counter show that it is able to work at room temperature with a delay of 1.5 ns, power dissipation of 4.1 μW at frequency of 100 MHz, and maximum tolerable background charges of up to 0.2e with the worst-case delay of 3 ns.